Study Notes

I downloaded vmware workstation 5.5 from its official site, and then register for a evaluation lisence. Why I install vmware is I had to write some product whitepaper documents in Microsoft formation, since the openoffice of mandriva could not start up.

First, run “./vmware-install.pl”, there were some errors which said the source code package must be installed. OK, I found the souce code file in the 3rd Mandriva CD.and issued the following steps:

Locate kernel source in CD3 and then install it:
[root@phillip main3]# ls | grep kernel
kernel-source-2.6-2.6.12-12mdk.i586.rpm
[root@phillip main3]# rpm -ivh kernel-source-2.6-2.6.12-12mdk.i586.rpm
Preparing… ####################################[100%]
1:kernel-source-2.6 ###################################[100%]

Check the package:
[root@phillip main3]# rpm -qa kernel-source-2.6-2.6.12-12mdk.i586.rpm

Here I want to make sure that the package should have already been installed:
[root@phillip main3]# rpm -Uvh kernel-source-2.6-2.6.12-12mdk.i586.rpm
Preparing… #####################################[100%]
package kernel-source-2.6-2.6.12-12mdk is already installed

Check again:
[root@phillip main3]# rpm -qi kernel-source
package kernel-source is not installed
[root@phillip main3]# rpm -qa | grep kernel
kernel-source-2.6-2.6.12-12mdk
kernel-smp-2.6.12.12mdk-1-1mdk
How could “-i” make such result? Because “-i” means install, but here no package was identified.

Locate the kernel source directory:
[root@phillip main3]# cd /usr/src/
[root@phillip src]# ls
linux@ linux-2.6.12-12mdk/ RPM/
[root@phillip src]# file linux
linux/ linux-2.6.12-12mdk/
[root@phillip src]# file linux
linux: symbolic link to `linux-2.6.12-12mdk’
It means “linux” is the soft link of ” linux-2.6.12-12mdk “.Before installation, there are not any linux directory in the “/usr/src”.

Install vmware:
[root@phillip src]# cd /root/Downloads/
[root@phillip Downloads]# ls
OOA680_m1_native_packed-1_zh-CN.8990/
OOo_2.0.1_LinuxIntel_install_zh-CN.tar(1).gz*
OOO-Install.iso
vmware-any-any-update94/
vmware-any-any-update94.tar.gz
vmware-distrib/
VMware-workstation-5.5.1-19175.tar.gz
[root@phillip Downloads]# cd vmware-distrib/
[root@phillip vmware-distrib]# ls
bin/ doc/ etc/ FILES installer/ lib/ man/ vmware-install.pl@
[root@phillip vmware-distrib]# vmw
vmware vmware-mount.pl vmware-vdiskmanager
vmware-config.pl vmware-ping
vmware-loop vmware-uninstall.pl
[root@phillip vmware-distrib]# ./vmware-install.pl
A previous installation of VMware software has been detected.
The previous installation was made by the tar installer (version 3).
Keeping the tar3 installer database format.
Uninstalling the tar installation of VMware Workstation.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor [Done]
The removal of VMware Workstation 5.5.1 build-19175 for Linux completed successfully. Thank you for having tried this software. Installing the content of the package.
In which directory do you want to install the binary files?[/usr/bin]
What is the directory that contains the init directories (rc0.d/ to rc6.d/)?[/etc/rc.d]
What is the directory that contains the init scripts?[/etc/rc.d/init.d]
In which directory do you want to install the library files?[/usr/lib/vmware]
The path “/usr/lib/vmware” does not exist currently. This program is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want? [yes]
In which directory do you want to install the manual files?[/usr/share/man]
In which directory do you want to install the documentation files?[/usr/share/doc/vmware]
The path “/usr/share/doc/vmware” does not exist currently. This program is going to create it, including needed parent directories. Is this what you want?[yes]
The installation of VMware Workstation 5.5.1 build-19175 for Linux completed successfully. You can decide to remove this software from your system at any time by invoking the following command: “/usr/bin/vmware-uninstall.pl”.
Before running VMware Workstation for the first time, you need to configure it by invoking the following command: “/usr/bin/vmware-config.pl”. Do you want this program to invoke the command for you now? [yes]
Making sure services for VMware Workstation are stopped.
Stopping VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor [Done]
You must read and accept the End User License Agreement to continue.
Press enter to display it. enter
END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT
FOR VMWARE(R) DESKTOP SOFTWARE PRODUCT

VMWARE, INC. LICENSES THIS DESKTOP SOFTWARE PRODUCT TO YOU SUBJECTTO THE TERMS CONTAINED IN THIS END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT (“EULA”).READ THE TERMS OF THIS EULA CAREFULLY. BY INSTALLING, COPYING OR OTHERWISE USING THE SOFTWARE (AS DEFINED BELOW), YOU AGREE TO BE BOUND BY THE TERMS OF THIS EULA. IF YOU DO NOT AGREE WITH THE TERMS OF THIS EULA, DO NOT DOWNLOAD, INSTALL, COPY OR USE THE SOFTWARE AND IF YOU HAVE PROOF OF PAYMENT, YOU MAY RETURN THE UNOPENED SOFTWARE TO THE LOCATION AT WHICH YOU ACQUIRED IT WITHIN THIRTY (30) DAYS
FOR A REFUND OF THE LICENSE FEE.
NOTICE TO CUSTOMER

This EULA is a contract between you (either an individual or an entity) and VMware, Inc. (“VMware”), which governs your use of the VMware software product that accompanies this EULA and related software components, which may include associated media, printed materials, and online or electronic documentation. This VMware software product is designed for installation and use on a personal computer only. You may not install or use this VMware
software product on a server.
Do you accept? (yes/no) yes
Thank you.
Configuring fallback GTK+ 2.4 libraries.
In which directory do you want to install the mime type icons? [/usr/share/icons]
What directory contains your desktop menu entry files? These files have a desktop file extension. [/usr/share/applications]
In which directory do you want to install the application’s icon? [/usr/share/pixmaps]
Trying to find a suitable vmmon module for your running kernel.
None of the pre-built vmmon modules for VMware Workstation is suitable for your running kernel. Do you want this program to try to build the vmmon module for your system (you need to have a C compiler installed on your system)? [yes]
Using compiler “/usr/bin/gcc”. Use environment variable CC to override.What is the location of the directory of C header files that match your running kernel? [/lib/modules/2.6.12-12mdksmp/build/include]
Extracting the sources of the vmmon module.
Building the vmmon module.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only’
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.12-12mdksmp/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD
SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.12-12mdk’
WARNING: Symbol version dump /usr/src/linux-2.6.12-12mdk/Module.symvers
is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions.
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/driver.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/linux/hostif.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/cpuid.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/hash.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/memtrack.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/phystrack.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/task.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/common/vmx86.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmcore/moduleloop.o
LD [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST
CC /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.mod.o
LD [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only/vmmon.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.12-12mdk’
cp -f vmmon.ko ./../vmmon.o
make: Leaving directory `/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmmon-only’
The module loads perfectly in the running kernel.
Do you want networking for your virtual machines? (yes/no/help) [yes]
Configuring a bridged network for vmnet0.
Your computer has multiple ethernet network interfaces available: eth0, eth1.
Which one do you want to bridge to vmnet0? [eth0]
The following bridged networks have been defined:
. vmnet0 is bridged to eth0
Do you wish to configure another bridged network? (yes/no) [no]
Do you want to be able to use NAT networking in your virtual machines?
(yes/no)
[yes]
Configuring a NAT network for vmnet8.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help)
[yes]
Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)…
The subnet 192.168.1.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused.
The following NAT networks have been defined:
. vmnet8 is a NAT network on private subnet 192.168.1.0.
Do you wish to configure another NAT network? (yes/no) [no]
Do you want to be able to use host-only networking in your virtual machines? [yes]
Configuring a host-only network for vmnet1.
Do you want this program to probe for an unused private subnet? (yes/no/help) [yes]
Probing for an unused private subnet (this can take some time)…
The subnet 172.16.74.0/255.255.255.0 appears to be unused.
The following host-only networks have been defined:
. vmnet1 is a host-only network on private subnet 172.16.74.0.
Do you wish to configure another host-only network? (yes/no) [no]
Extracting the sources of the vmnet module.
Building the vmnet module.
Using 2.6.x kernel build system.
make: Entering directory `/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only’
make -C /lib/modules/2.6.12-12mdksmp/build/include/.. SUBDIRS=$PWD
SRCROOT=$PWD/. modules
make[1]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.12-12mdk’
WARNING: Symbol version dump /usr/src/linux-2.6.12-12mdk/Module.symvers
is missing; modules will have no dependencies and modversions.
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/driver.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/hub.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/userif.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/netif.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/bridge.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/procfs.o
CC [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/smac_compat.o
SHIPPED /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/smac_linux.x386.o
LD [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/vmnet.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST
CC /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/vmnet.mod.o
LD [M] /root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only/vmnet.ko
make[1]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-2.6.12-12mdk’
cp -f vmnet.ko ./../vmnet.o
make: Leaving directory `/root/tmp/vmware-config0/vmnet-only’
The module loads perfectly in the running kernel.
Starting VMware services:
Virtual machine monitor [Done]
Virtual ethernet [Done]
Bridged networking on /dev/vmnet0 [Done]
Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet1 (background) [Done]
Host-only networking on /dev/vmnet8 (background) [Done]
NAT service on /dev/vmnet8 [Done]
The configuration of VMware Workstation 5.5.1 build-19175 for Linux for this running kernel completed successfully.
You can now run VMware Workstation by invoking the following command:
“/usr/bin/vmware”.
Enjoy,
–the VMware team

Launch the vmware.
[root@phillip /]# cd /usr
[root@phillip usr]# cd bin
[root@phillip bin]# ./vmware
/usr/lib/vmware/bin/vmware: error while loading shared libraries:
libgnomevfs-2.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory

At this time, the vmware GUI displayed. I’m successful.

By the way, this vmware is only evaluation revision, I registered in April 11th, and today it could not start up my virtual “Windows XP”. I tried to use other email and register for another free license, haha, It is perfect and so interesting, my “Windows” is able to run again!!!

1.Double quotation “” is able to quota every strings except of back slash””, back quotation”`”(located nearby 1/! on the keyboard),and dollar”$” character.

2.Single quotation” could quota any strings including “,`$”.

3.Back quotation“,set the system output to variable. what was contain in pairs of “ will be issued as command. for example:
# echo ‘hello’ (single quotation)
hello
# echo `hello`
bash: hello: command no found
# echo `date`
2006年05月09日 星期二 (In my mandriva)
# mydate=`date`
# echo $mydate

How many users are logging on the system:
# echo “there is `who |wc-l` user in the system”

4.Back slash””: convertion
# echo *
it will list all the directy
# echo *
*
# echo “$99.99”
99.99
# echo “$99.99”
$99.99

All the processes share the environment variables, as the local variables.when log out, these configuration wil be invalid. So, it is usually to define the environment setting in “.profile” files.The system administrator have the privilege to pre-define some global variables in the “/etc/profile”, which means for every time the users log in, the system will be initialized by this variables exiting in the “/etc/profile”.

The global variables is always using upcase letters for distinction of other local variables.

Pay attention, issue the “export” command before the variables are used, otherwise, the variables do not take any effect in the processes.

1.Set the environment variables:
# VARIABLE_NAME=value;export VARIABLE_NAME
or # VARIABLE_NAME=value
# export VARIABLE_NAME

2.Show the value:
# echo $VARIABLE_NAME
List all the environment variables:
# env

3.Clear/unset the variables:
# unset $VARIABLE_NAME

HOME: declared in the last 2 items of “/etc/passwd”

IFS: default separation character of Shell, for example:
# export IFS=: (change the default setting “space” to “:”)
# echo $PATH
/sbin /bin /usr/bin /usr/sbin

LOGNAME: log name

MAIL: path of mail box directory

PATH: the sequence of directory which would have the command executing. The system read from the first item of PATH to the last, and issue the command when found in the directory listed.
Colon (“:”) acts as the separator of PATH line, for example:
# PATH=$HOME/bin:.:/bin:/usr ; export PATH
“.” means current directory.
PATH could be modified as this syntax:
# PATH=$PATH:/$HOME/bin; export PATH

SHELL: default Shell, this information could also be found in “/etc/passwd”

EDITOR: editor, for example,”vi”

PWD: current directory path

MANPATH: Manual directory path, use colon as separator.

How to export all the environment variables togethe?
# set -a

$#: the count of parameter passing to the script
$$: the script’s current PID.
$?: the status to check if the script has error or not. “0” presents ok,other number means troubles have been happened. This variables is very important for debug and testing.

Shell variables identify the system enviroment, it is convenient to keep useful information.customer settings, and some temporary messages.

Local Variables
Local variables could only be used in user’s current Shell instance.If log out or shutdown the instance, these local variables are invalidate.So, its advantage is that users can not modify the other Shell’s local setting.
The variables of Shell are always included by pairs of {} which mark the inside strings as variables.
Syntax: # variable-name=value
or # {variable-name=value}
The following models are listed for various usage:
1.variable-name=value : identify the varaible with the “value” listed
2.variable-name+value : usring the “value” instead of the former setting.
3.variable-name:?value : if the variable is not defined, then displays customer error messages.
4.variable-name? : if the variable is not defined, then displays the system warning.
5.varible-name:=value : if the variable is not defined, then put “value” to it.

Display variables:
# echo ${variable-name}
# echo variable-name

Clear the setting:
# unset variable-name

Display all the local variables:
# set

The following example is designed to show how to identify whether the variables has been modified or not.
# color=blue
# echo “COLOR is ${color:=grey}”
COLOR is blue
# unset color
# echo “COLOR is ${color=grey}”
COLOR is grey

Using variables to hold some information:
# source = “/test1”
# dest = “/test2”
# cp ${source} ${dest}

Set the variable read only:
# readonly variable-name
Which variables has been configurated as readonly?
# readonly

When login on the Linux system, the following steps must be passing by.

First,the system will check the password and user name inputed from the “/etc/passwd” file which is a pure text file. Each line of “/etc/passwd” can be splited to 7 partitions.
for example:
root:x: 0: 0: root:/root:/bin/bash
[1] [2][3][4] [5] [6] [7]
[1]: the 1st partition, means the login name,here is root
[2]: the password which has been encrypted.
[5]: the whole user name
[6]: the user’s directory, of course, the root’s HOME directory is “root”
[7]: the user’s SHELL, default setting is “/bin/bash”

Second and third, the system will execute two environment configuration files: “/etc/profile” and “.profile” which is always located at user’s home directory.

“/etc/profile” contains both global and local variables settings which is could be accessed by sessions and instances. PATH information, termina configuration, and security commands are also declared in this files(I think KDE wallet is such tool in Mandriva).
It indicated the date and recorder the events when log on.

“.profile”, is build up as new user created, this configuration could recovery some items of /etc/profiles by using “unset” command.

If we want to make the two files actively right now, log in again or issue the following commands: # ./pathname/file

stty, is used to set temina features. query the current configuration,executing “# stty -a”

In some cased, we need to create “.logout” file. Edit the “.profile”, and add the following line:
trap ” $HOME/.logout” 0
when the users log out, the signal “0” was passed, it meangs quit from SHELL now, and before this matter happen, “.logout” file was executed.

Memorable Quotes from The Shawshank Redemption (1994)

Hope is a dangerous thing. Hope can drive a man insane.

I have no idea to this day what those two Italian ladies were singing about. Truth is, I don’t want to know. Some things are best left unsaid. I’d like to think they were singing about something so beautiful, it can’t be expressed in words, and makes your heart ache because of it. I tell you, those voices soared higher and farther than anybody in a gray place dares to dream. It was like some beautiful bird flapped into our drab little cage and made those walls dissolve away, and for the briefest of moments, every last man in Shawshank felt free.

There are places in this world that aren’t made out of stone, and that there’s something inside that they can’t get to ,and that they can’t touch. It’s yours.
What’re you talking about? Andy Dufresne: Hope.

Remember, hope is a good thing, maybe the best of things. And no good thing ever dies.

We sat and drank with the sun on our shoulders and felt like free men. Hell, we could have been tarring the roof of one of our own houses. We were the lords of all creation.

I find I’m so excited, I can barely sit still or hold a thought in my head. I think it’s the excitement only a free man can feel, a free man at the start of a long journey whose conclusion is uncertain. I hope I can make it across the border. I hope to see my friend, and shake his hand. I hope the Pacific is as blue as it has been in my dreams. I hope.

Get busy living, or get busy dying.

I have to remind myself that some birds aren’t meant to be caged. Their feathers are just too bright. And when they fly away, the part of you that knows it was a sin to lock them up DOES rejoice. Still, the place you live in is that much more drab and empty that they’re gone. I guess I just miss my friend.

I find I’m so excited, I can barely sit still or hold a thought in my head. I think it the excitement only a free man can feel, a free man at the start of a long journey whose conclusion is uncertain. I hope I can make it across the border. I hope to see my friend, and shake his hand. I hope the Pacific is as blue as it has been in my dreams. I hope.

Memorable Quotes from The Weather Man (2005)

Do you know that the harder thing to do and the right thing to do are usually the same thing? Nothing that has meaning is easy. “Easy” doesn’t enter into grown-up life.

Always fast food. Fast food. Things that people would rather throw out than finish. It’s easy, it tastes all right, but it doesn’t really provide you any nourishment. I’m fast food.

In this shit life, you have to chuck some things.

“Throughout marriage, BJs lacked enthusiasm. Had difference of opinion over how important that was. I thought very.” You know what, Dave? You want to know why my BJs lacked enthusiasm? I hated you. I hated your hair. I hated your ugly legs, your forearms. I hated kissing your lips, Dave. Okay? And that’s why I lacked enthusiasm when your cock was in my mouth.

I remember once imagining what my life would be like, what I’d be like. I pictured having all these qualities, strong positive qualities that people could pick up on from across the room. But as time passed, few ever became any qualities that I actually had. And all the possibilities I faced and the sorts of people I could be, all of them got reduced every year to fewer and fewer. Until finally they got reduced to one, to who I am. And that’s who I am, the weather man.

Today is the last day of April,2006. How fast the time goes by, it would has been in the middle of this ‘new’ year since we have Chinese spring festival in February.

My feeling is not good and I always wondered, what’s my hope, and who am I? I tried to change another job and leave away from Powerleader in order to getting better salary, is it yes? Maybe the answer is also not I really want.

“I remember once, imagine what my life would be like. I pictured having all these qualities: Strong, Positive qualities , that people can pick up on the cross of their own. But as time passed , few of these qualities have I actually had. And all the possibility I faced and the sorts of people I could be , all them got reduced, every year to fewer to fewer and they finally got reduced to one , to who I am. And that’s who I am, the weather man!”

Nicolas Cage, The Weather Man.

I alway use KGhostView to read PDF documents in my Mandriva, but KGhostView could only display English well, if reading the Simplified Chinese files, KGhostView show nothing excepting of some pictures. This issue had annoyed me for long time since Mandriva installed. When I wanted to study Linux Shell by reading pfd resources downloaded from Chinapub.com, I had to connect to remote computer which has Microsoft Windows.

There were two windows computers in my controlling, for some reason, both of these two computers were unavailable. So I had to find a way to read Simplified Chinese pdf files in my Mandriva.

I’ve configured KGhostView and tried again, nothing appeared. Then Xpdf which is another pdf readed owner by Mandriva(Maybe other Linux distributions also contains) became to my mind.

Xpdf could not support Simplified Chinese directly, I used the following steps to resolve this problem.

First, chech which rpm packages about XPdf had been installed:
# rpm -qa | grep “xpdf”
In Mandriva, the result is ‘xpdf-3.01-1mdk’, OK, I’ll download the simplified Chinese package for xpdf and install it. The xpdf government website is in construction statues, and I found that rpm name “xpdf-chinese-simplified” in rpmfinder.net.
Executing the following command to install it:
# rpm -ivh xpdf-chinese-simplified-2.01-8.i386.rpm
Now, I am ready to configure xpdf.

Modify the ‘/usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/add-to-xpdfrc.chinese’ (in Mandriva), change all the ‘/usr/local/share’ instead of ‘/usr/share’, and save it.
(After modified)
# vi /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/add-to-xpdfrc.chinese

#—– begin Chinese Simplified support package (2002-jun-17)
cidToUnicode Adobe-GB1 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/Adobe-GB1.cidToUnicode
unicodeMap ISO-2022-CN /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/ISO-2022-CN.unicodeMap
unicodeMap EUC-CN /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/EUC-CN.unicodeMap
unicodeMap GBK /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/GBK.unicodeMap
cMapDir Adobe-GB1 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/CMap
toUnicodeDir /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/CMap
displayCIDFontX Adobe-GB1 “-*-fangsong ti-medium-r-normal-*-%s-*-*-*-*-*-gb2312.1980-0” ISO-2022-CN
#—– end Chinese Simplified support package

Note, in some Linux distributions, this files maybe contains the ‘Adobe-GB1’ like ‘Adobe-G1’ because the programer has error in writing ‘GB’ string. if the string is ‘Adobe-G1’, we have to modify it to ‘Adobe-GB1’ by ourself.

Final lap, open the ‘/etc/xpdfrc’, and add all the lines of “/usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/add-to-xpdfrc.chinese” into this configuration.
(After added)
# vi /etc/xpdfrc
#========================================================================
#
# Sample xpdfrc file
#
# The Xpdf tools look for a config file in two places:
# 1. ~/.xpdfrc
# 2. in a system-wide directory, typically /usr/local/etc/xpdfrc
#
# This sample config file demonstrates some of the more common
# configuration options. Everything here is commented out. You
# should edit things (especially the file/directory paths, since
# they’ll likely be different on your system), and uncomment whichever
# options you want to use. For complete details on config file syntax
# and available options, please see the xpdfrc(5) man page.
#
# Also, the Xpdf language support packages each include a set of
# options to be added to the xpdfrc file.
#
# http://www.foolabs.com/xpdf/
#
#========================================================================

#—– display fonts

# These map the Base-14 fonts to the Type 1 fonts that ship with
# ghostscript. You’ll almost certainly want to use something like
# this, but you’ll need to adjust this to point to wherever
# ghostscript is installed on your system. (But if the fonts are
# installed in a “standard” location, xpdf will find them
# automatically.)

displayFontT1 Times-Roman /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n021003l.pfb
displayFontT1 Times-Italic /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n021023l.pfb
displayFontT1 Times-Bold /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n021004l.pfb
displayFontT1 Times-BoldItalic /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n021024l.pfb
displayFontT1 Helvetica /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n019003l.pfb
displayFontT1 Helvetica-Oblique /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n019023l.pfb
displayFontT1 Helvetica-Bold /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n019004l.pfb
displayFontT1 Helvetica-BoldOblique /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n019024l.pfb
displayFontT1 Courier /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n022003l.pfb
displayFontT1 Courier-Oblique /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n022023l.pfb
displayFontT1 Courier-Bold /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n022004l.pfb
displayFontT1 Courier-BoldOblique /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/n022024l.pfb
displayFontT1 Symbol /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/s050000l.pfb
displayFontT1 ZapfDingbats /usr/share/fonts/default/Type1/d050000l.pfb

# If you need to display PDF files that refer to non-embedded fonts,
# you should add one or more fontDir options to point to the
# directories containing the font files. Xpdf will only look at .pfa,
# .pfb, and .ttf files in those directories (other files will simply
# be ignored).

#fontDir /usr/local/fonts/bakoma

#—– PostScript output control

# Set the default PostScript file or command.

#psFile “|lpr -Pmyprinter”

# Set the default PostScript paper size — this can be letter, legal,
# A4, or A3. You can also specify a paper size as width and height
# (in points).

psPaperSize A4

#—– text output control

# Choose a text encoding for copy-and-paste and for pdftotext output.
# The Latin1, ASCII7, and UTF-8 encodings are built into Xpdf. Other
# encodings are available in the language support packages.

#textEncoding UTF-8

# Choose the end-of-line convention for multi-line copy-and-past and
# for pdftotext output. The available options are unix, mac, and dos.

textEOL unix

#—– misc settings

# Enable t1lib, FreeType, and anti-aliased text.

enableT1lib no
enableFreeType yes
antialias yes

# Set the command used to run a web browser when a URL hyperlink is
# clicked.

urlCommand “www-browser %s”

#—– begin Chinese Simplified support package (2002-jun-17)
cidToUnicode Adobe-GB1 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/Adobe-GB1.cidToUnicode
unicodeMap ISO-2022-CN /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/ISO-2022-CN.unicodeMap
unicodeMap EUC-CN /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/EUC-CN.unicodeMap
unicodeMap GBK /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/GBK.unicodeMap
cMapDir Adobe-GB1 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/CMap
toUnicodeDir /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/CMap
#displayCIDFontX Adobe-GB1 “-*-fangsong ti-medium-r-normal-*-%s-*-*-*-*-*-gb2312.1980-0” ISO-2022-CN
displayCIDFontTT Adobe-GB1 /usr/share/fonts/ttf/chinese/fireflysung.ttf
#—– end Chinese Simplified support package

#—– begin Chinese Traditional support package (2002-apr-14)
cidToUnicode Adobe-CNS1 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-traditional/Adobe-CNS1.cidToUnicode
unicodeMap Big5 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-traditional/Big5.unicodeMap
unicodeMap Big5ascii /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-traditional/Big5ascii.unicodeMap
cMapDir Adobe-CNS1 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-traditional/CMap
toUnicodeDir /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-traditional/CMap
#displayCIDFontX Adobe-CNS1 “-*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-%s-*-*-*-*-*-big5-0” Big5
# If you have the Arphic fonts, you may want to use this instead:
# displayCIDFontX Adobe-CNS1 “-arphic-ar pl kaitim big5-medium-r-normal–%s-*-*-*-c-*-iso10646-1” UCS-2
displayCIDFontTT Adobe-CNS1 /usr/share/fonts/ttf/chinese/fireflysung.ttf
#—– end Chinese Traditional support package

#—– begin Cyrillic support package (2003-jun-28)
nameToUnicode /usr/share/xpdf/cyrillic/Bulgarian.nameToUnicode
unicodeMap KOI8-R /usr/share/xpdf/cyrillic/KOI8-R.unicodeMap
#—– end Cyrillic support package

#—– begin Japanese support package (2002-apr-01)
cidToUnicode Adobe-Japan1 /usr/share/xpdf/japanese/Adobe-Japan1.cidToUnicode
unicodeMap ISO-2022-JP /usr/share/xpdf/japanese/ISO-2022-JP.unicodeMap
unicodeMap EUC-JP /usr/share/xpdf/japanese/EUC-JP.unicodeMap
unicodeMap Shift-JIS /usr/share/xpdf/japanese/Shift-JIS.unicodeMap
cMapDir Adobe-Japan1 /usr/share/xpdf/japanese/CMap
toUnicodeDir /usr/share/xpdf/japanese/CMap
#displayCIDFontX Adobe-Japan1 “-*-fixed-medium-r-normal-*-%s-*-*-*-*-*-jisx0208.1983-0” ISO-2022-JP
#—– end Japanese support package

#—– begin Korean support package (2002-apr-01)
cidToUnicode Adobe-Korea1 /usr/share/xpdf/korean/Adobe-Korea1.cidToUnicode
unicodeMap ISO-2022-KR /usr/share/xpdf/korean/ISO-2022-KR.unicodeMap
cMapDir Adobe-Korea1 /usr/share/xpdf/korean/CMap
toUnicodeDir /usr/share/xpdf/korean/CMap
#displayCIDFontX Adobe-Korea1 “-*-mincho-medium-r-normal-*-%s-*-*-*-*-*-ksc5601.1987-0” ISO-2022-KR
#—– end Korean support package

#—– begin Thai support package (2002-jan-16)
nameToUnicode /usr/share/xpdf/thai/Thai.nameToUnicode
unicodeMap TIS-620 /usr/share/xpdf/thai/TIS-620.unicodeMap
#—– end Thai support package

#—– begin Greek support package (2003-jun-28)
nameToUnicode /usr/share/xpdf/greek/Greek.nameToUnicode
unicodeMap ISO-8859-7 /usr/share/xpdf/greek/ISO-8859-7.unicodeMap
#—– end Greek support package

#—– begin Latin2 support package (2002-oct-22)
unicodeMap Latin2 /usr/share/xpdf/latin2/Latin2.unicodeMap
#—– end Latin2 support package

#—– begin Turkish support package (2002-apr-10)
unicodeMap ISO-8859-9 /usr/share/xpdf/turkish/ISO-8859-9.unicodeMap
#—– end Turkish support package

#—– begin Hebrew support package (2003-feb-16)
unicodeMap ISO-8859-8 /usr/share/xpdf/hebrew/ISO-8859-8.unicodeMap
unicodeMap Windows-1255 /usr/share/xpdf/hebrew/Windows-1255.unicodeMap
#—– end Hebrew support package

#—– begin Arabic support package (2003-feb-16)
unicodeMap ISO-8859-6 /usr/share/xpdf/arabic/ISO-8859-6.unicodeMap

#—– begin Chinese Simplified support package (2002-jun-17)
cidToUnicode Adobe-GB1 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/Adobe-GB1.cidToUnicode
unicodeMap ISO-2022-CN /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/ISO-2022-CN.unicodeMap
unicodeMap EUC-CN /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/EUC-CN.unicodeMap
unicodeMap GBK /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/GBK.unicodeMap
cMapDir Adobe-GB1 /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/CMap
toUnicodeDir /usr/share/xpdf/chinese-simplified/CMap
displayCIDFontX Adobe-GB1 “-*-fangsong ti-medium-r-normal-*-%s-*-*-*-*-*-gb2312.1980-0” ISO-2022-CN
#—– end Chinese Simplified support package

#—– end Arabic support package

Save the modified file, run the xpdf program, simplified Chinese is able to read perfectly! Yeah, that’s what I want!

Towards the end of the evening,invariably someone would insult someone else with a slurring reference to his mother,his sweetheart,his home town,or his region. Then they would fight,as soldiers boys do,inflicting bloody noses and blackened eyes,before staggering back to their barracks, yelling war chants, supporting each other,becoming commands.

The result of these shared experiences was a closeness unknown to all outsiders. Comrades are closer than friends,closer than brothers.Their relationship is different from that of lover. They trust in ,and knowledge of ,each other is total. They got to know each other’s life stories, what they didi before they came into the Army,where and why they volunteered, what they like to eat and drink, what their capabilities were. On a night march they would hear a cough and know who it was; on a night maneuever they would see someone sneaking through the woods and know who it was from his sihouette.

From Band of Brothers, Stephen.E.Ambrose